Dreams
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Our
dreams combine verbal, visual and emotional stimuli into a sometimes
broken, nonsensical but often entertaining story line. We can
sometimes even solve problems in our sleep. Or can we? Many experts
disagree on exactly what the purpose of our dreams might be. Are
they strictly random brain impulses, or are our brains actually
working through issues from our daily life while we sleep -- as a
sort of coping mechanism? Should we even bother to interpret our
dreams? Many say yes, that we have a great deal to learn from our
dreams. |
For centuries,
we've tried to figure out just why our
brains
play these nightly shows for us. Early civilizations thought dream worlds
were real, physical worlds that they could enter only from their dream
state. Researchers continue to toss around many theories about dreaming.
Those theories essentially fall into two categories:
When we sleep,
we go through five sleep stages. The first stage is a very light sleep
from which it is easy to wake up. The second stage moves into a slightly
deeper sleep, and stages three and four represent our deepest sleep. Our
brain activity throughout these stages is gradually slowing down so that
by deep sleep, we experience nothing but delta brain waves -- the slowest
brain waves .About 90 minutes after we go to sleep and after the fourth
sleep stage, we begin REM sleep.
Rapid eye movement (REM) was discovered in 1953 by University of Chicago
researchers Eugene Aserinsky, a graduate student in physiology, and
Nathaniel Kleitman, Ph.D., chair of physiology. REM sleep is primarily
characterized by movements of the eyes and is the fifth stage of sleep.
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Dream Recall:
It is said
that five minutes after the end of a dream, we have forgotten 50 percent
of the dream's content. Ten minutes later, we've forgotten 90 percent of
its content. Why is that? We don't forget our daily actions that quickly.
The fact that they are so hard to remember makes their importance seem
less.
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How To improve
your Dream Recall:
There are
many resources both on the Web and in print that will give you tips on how
to improve your recall of dreams. Those who believe we have a lot to learn
about ourselves from our dreams are big proponents of dream journals. Here
are some steps you can take to increase your dream recall:
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When you go to bed, tell
yourself you will remember your dreams. (Author's note: In researching
this article, I found that thinking about dreams before I fell asleep
actually made me remember having them, so this step did work in my
experience.)
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Set your alarm to go off
every hour and half so you'll wake up around the times that you leave
REM sleep -- when you're most likely to remember your dreams. (Or, drink
a lot of water before you go to bed to ensure you have to wake up at
least once in the middle of the night!)
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Keep a pad and pencil next
to your bed.
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Try to wake up slowly to
remain within the "mood" of your last dream.
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Controlling
Dreams “Dream Incubation.”
Dream incubation
is learning to plant a seed for a specific dream topic to occur. For
example, you might go to bed repeating to yourself that you'll dream about
a presentation you have coming up or a vacation you just took. Those who
believe in problem solving through dreams use this technique to direct
their dreams to the specific topic.
While somewhat similar to lucid dreaming in that problems can be solved,
dream incubation is simply focusing attention on a specific issue when
going to sleep. Several studies have shown this method to be successful
over a period of time. For example, in a study at Harvard Medical School,
Dr. Diedre Barrett had her students focus on a problem before going to
sleep and found that it was certainly possible to come up with novel
solutions in dreams that are both personally satisfying and reasonable to
an outside observer. In her studies, two-thirds of participants had dreams
that addressed their chosen problem, while one-third actually came up with
solutions in their dreams.
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Dream Facts:
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Most dreams last anywhere
from five to 20 minutes.
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People don't only dream in
black and white, as was once believed.
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Even though they may not
remember them, everyone dreams several times a night. In fact, during a
typical lifetime, we spend about six years dreaming.
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People who have been blind
from birth have dreams that are formed from their other senses (e.g.,
touch, smell, sound).
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When people are snoring,
they're not dreaming.
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Elephants (and some other
animals) sleep standing up during non-REM sleep, but lie down for REM
sleep.
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